A few years ago, I started working with a new client who was taking twelve different supplements from an alternative medicine doctor. Some were antimicrobial agents used for killing gut pathogens; some were herbs and nutrients meant to support her liver and adrenals.
In theory, the protocol she was on was aligned with my teachings… supporting the gut, liver, and adrenals — but it did not consider her bio-individuality, nor her unique root causes. The practitioner she had seen gave her every protocol at once, without paying attention to how the different herbs could interact with one another in a body that was compromised. Her practitioner had given her everything but the kitchen sink — she had been spending thousands of dollars each month, and still couldn’t find relief from her symptoms!
Her top complaints were migraines, constipation, insomnia, sensitivity to loud noises, and anxiety. I went through my magnesium questionnaire with her, and she turned out to be at high risk for magnesium deficiency. I reviewed her list of supplements, had her stop all twelve of them, and recommended just one supplement, magnesium citrate, at bedtime.
Constipation is a red flag for magnesium deficiency, and is actually a contraindication for taking supplements for detoxes and/or for killing pathogens. When we are constipated, we don’t clear out toxins, they just get reabsorbed.
At our follow-up appointment, she reported that her migraines, constipation, and insomnia were gone! She no longer needed to take NSAIDs, laxatives, or sleep medications, and was able to tolerate her teenager’s music. 🙂
In this article, I’d like to dive a little deeper into the many benefits of magnesium for those with Hashimoto’s, including:
- How the body uses magnesium
- The magnesium and thyroid connection
- Causes and symptoms of magnesium deficiency
- Conventional and natural treatment options
How Does Magnesium Work in the Body?
Magnesium is a mineral that is essential for human function. It is required for more than 300 biochemical reactions in the body, including maintaining nerve and muscle function, supporting a healthy immune system, and keeping the heartbeat steady. Magnesium also helps create strong bones, steadies blood glucose levels, and aids in energy production. [1]
Magnesium is naturally present in a variety of foods, is often added to food products, is readily available as a dietary supplement, and is found in some medicines (such as antacids and laxatives).
The average adult body contains approximately 25 g of magnesium, with 50-60 percent in the bones, and most of the rest found in soft tissues.
About Magnesium Deficiency
Two types of magnesium deficiencies can occur with respect to nutrients. The first type, called overt deficiencies, can lead to low calcium or potassium levels due to a disturbed balance of minerals in the body. This is a serious condition that can present with numbness, muscle contractions/cramps, seizures, personality changes, abnormal heart rhythms, and other types of serious reactions. This is relatively rare, as, in times of low intake, the kidneys kick in to prevent the excretion of magnesium, holding onto its current magnesium stores to prevent this.
The second type, subclinical deficiencies, are not seen on standard blood tests but may, nonetheless, manifest with symptoms.
According to the Institute of Functional Medicine, the following symptoms, family history, and health conditions are reasons to suspect magnesium deficiency (aka hypomagnesemia): [2]
- Depression or poor mood
- Irritability or anxiety
- Difficulty focusing
- Family history of autism
- Frequent headaches or migraines
- Family or personal history of diabetes
- Trouble swallowing
- Acid reflux
- Sensitivity to loud noises
- Fatigue
- Family history of asthma
- Constipation (fewer than two bowel movements a day)
- Excess stress
- Trouble falling and/or staying asleep
- Muscle twitching
- Premenstrual syndrome
- Hand cramps
- Restless leg syndrome
- Heart flutters, skipped beats, or palpitations
- Family or personal history of kidney stones
- Family or personal history of heart disease or heart failure
- Family or personal history of mitral valve prolapse
- Low intake of kelp, wheat bran or germ, almonds, cashews, buckwheat, or dark-green leafy vegetables
In my experience, joint pain, leg cramps, menstrual cramps, and thyroid disorders are always a reason to suspect magnesium deficiency. [3]
Magnesium deficiency can impact the body’s ability to metabolize important nutrients like vitamin D, potassium, and calcium — which is especially critical for those with Hashimoto’s, who may already have trouble with nutrient absorption.
Other health consequences of magnesium deficiency — and/or health issues that recent research suggests can be related — include: [4]
- Cardiovascular conditions
- Chronic headaches
- Tremors
- Weak bones
- Stroke symptoms (one case study)
- Increased risk of preeclampsia
So all of the above may sound serious, but the good news is that newer research suggests that magnesium supplementation could be a simple solution when it comes to resolving some serious conditions. For instance, one study on rats showed that supplementation in magnesium deficient rats “almost completely restored cardiac and mitochondrial functions.” [5]
Magnesium and Thyroid Health
Low magnesium levels are associated with thyroglobulin antibody (TGAb) positivity, Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, and hypothyroidism. A magnesium deficiency can put those with Hashimoto’s at a higher risk of developing symptoms.
Most people with Hashimoto’s have numerous nutrient deficiencies, which can occur as a result of eating nutrient-poor foods, having inflammation from infections or food sensitivities, taking certain medications, or having an imbalance of gut bacteria. [6]
Factors like low stomach acid, fat malabsorption, and a deficiency in digestive enzymes, which are common in those with Hashimoto’s, will result in many people not being able to break down and absorb the nutrients from the food they eat. A lack of sufficient thyroid hormones can also lead to nutrient deficiencies, as it makes nutrient extraction from food more difficult and less efficient.
Magnesium is crucial for liver health, and I include it as part of my liver detox protocol that I recommend as a key first step toward healing for those with Hashimoto’s. Furthermore, magnesium helps support adrenal function — another area that is often compromised for those with thyroid dysfunction. In fact, magnesium supplementation is one of the core recommendations in my Adrenal Transformation Protocol, which has helped thousands of my readers restore optimal adrenal function.
Research has shown that magnesium deficiency can have a direct impact on thyroid function.
Australian researchers Roy and Helga Moncayo have been working with people with autoimmune thyroid disease since 2007. In their initial interventions, they noticed that thyroid patients had low selenium and began to address this with supplementation. But since supplementing with only selenium did not lead to lasting results, they continued to dig deeper. They then found that magnesium deficiency correlated to many thyroid symptoms.
They reported that physical and psychological stress led to the depletion of magnesium, which is needed for iodine utilization by the thyroid gland.
In one study, 11 patients with an elevated TSH (range of 2.3 – 21 mIU/L, average of 7.67 mIU/L), received magnesium citrate for six weeks. Every patient had a drop in TSH (the resulting range was 1.6 – 4 mIU/L). The average drop was by five points, resulting in an average TSH of 2.67 mIU/L after treatment. The highest drop was from a TSH of 21 mIU/L to a TSH of 4 mIU/L! [7]
In addition to the magnesium citrate, these clinicians used selenium and Coenzyme Q10 with their patients, as well as managed their psychological stress and physical alignment.
Patients reported feeling better and having more energy, as well as better sleep, less anxiety, and less constipation, after starting magnesium supplementation.
Additionally, these researchers reported a normalization on some of the patients’ thyroid ultrasounds (the patients with Hashimoto’s initially presented with an increased appearance of veins and damage to the thyroid on their initial ultrasound). They cautioned that not everyone’s thyroid tissue will normalize, and that at least eight months of supplementation with magnesium is needed to see improvement on the thyroid gland. (However, I think it’s worth a try, especially since magnesium can help many symptoms that are common in Hashimoto’s.) [8]
Testing for Magnesium Deficiency
I generally don’t test people for magnesium deficiency, as not all tests are reliable and my experience has shown that most people with Hashimoto’s are deficient in magnesium. Additionally, it is generally safe to take without testing. If any of the symptoms above apply to you, supplementing with magnesium is usually recommended.
However, if you wish to assess your magnesium levels with blood testing, I recommend the Spectracell Micronutrient Test Panel or Magnesium, RBC test.
The recommended daily value of magnesium is 400 mg per day, and most adults eating the Standard American Diet are getting less than 300 mg per day.
Populations at increased risk for deficiency include: [9]
- People with type 2 diabetes
- People with a history of alcoholism — among other mechanisms, alcohol can double, or even quadruple, our excretion of magnesium
- People with diarrhea
- People with gut conditions such as celiac disease, IBS, and Crohn’s
- Older adults (their ability to absorb magnesium in the gut is reduced as they age, and their excretion of magnesium through the kidney increases)
- People taking certain medications that can result in a magnesium depletion, the most common ones being proton pump inhibitors (Nexium, Prilosec, Omeprazole, Protonix), female hormones (oral contraceptives and hormone replacement therapy), and antibiotics
- People with hypothyroidism — a lack of thyroid hormones can lead to low magnesium levels
- Americans (in 2009, the World Health Organization released a report stating that up to 75 percent of Americans were not receiving adequate amounts of magnesium!)
- People on certain diets, such as Paleo (or Autoimmune Paleo) diets, that eliminate food sources of magnesium (grains, processed foods, nuts, seeds, beans, and legumes)
Additionally, caffeine, stress, and common toxins like fluoride and alcohol, can further deplete us of magnesium.
Food Sources of Magnesium
Food sources of magnesium include green leafy veggies (like spinach and kale), whole grains, nuts, beans, legumes, and seeds. Some processed foods like breakfast cereals may also be fortified with magnesium.
Ideally, we would obtain all of the magnesium we need from our diet. However, this might not be realistic for most people. Not only are many of our food sources deficient in nutrients, due to modern farming practices, but many people with Hashimoto’s may exclude a number of these foods if they are following a Paleo diet (or other types of elimination diets).
Of course, green leafy vegetables are an appropriate option for most people with Hashimoto’s. (If you are concerned about goitrogens, please read my Thyroid Food Myths post.) However, we’d need to eat a lot of green veggies to really get enough magnesium — a half cup of boiled spinach provides us with just 20 percent of the recommended daily allowance of magnesium! [10]
For this reason, I recommend that most people supplement with magnesium.
How to Supplement with Magnesium
I always recommend starting with the Root Cause approach — figuring out the main reason your body is out of balance and leading you to experience symptoms. Ask yourself:
- Why is your magnesium deficient in the first place?
- Do you lead a life that is too stressful?
- Are you taking on too many responsibilities?
- Do you not eat enough leafy greens?
However, I am also a fan of orthomolecular medicine — using nutritional supplementation to maintain health. I was first exposed to orthomolecular medicine during the clinical rotations of my fourth year in pharmacy school. I was an intern at the Pfeiffer Treatment Center led by Dr. William Walsh. The center often used high doses of vitamins and minerals to address symptoms of biochemical imbalances that manifested as mood disorders.
This was a fascinating experience for me, and I learned so much, getting to see how the right nutrients could help people feel better. While I’m always looking for root causes, I love to utilize orthomolecular principles in combination with other interventions, to help people meet their health goals and feel better fast!
For this reason, magnesium is one of the tools in my toolbox to address my clients’ symptoms:
- For constipation: Constipation is a red flag for magnesium deficiency. I recommend taking 1-2 capsules of magnesium citrate at bedtime to help. The magnesium citrate salt works like a gentle laxative. If you are still constipated, increase your dose gradually by one capsule per evening. If your bowel movements become too loose, cut back on your dose. You may also want to explore gut issues that may be a trigger, including SIBO, parasites, and food sensitivities. [11]
- For insomnia: I like to recommend Epsom salt baths (one cup of salts per tub – follow package instructions, and don’t overdo it!), and either magnesium citrate or magnesium glycinate at bedtime. Please watch how the magnesium makes you feel. Some people report much better sleep with both versions of magnesium, while others report worse sleep. You may need to try a few different kinds to see which works best for sleep, but generally, I would recommend starting with the citrate version.
- For period cramps: Magnesium deficiency can increase prostaglandin production, which is associated with painful menstrual cramps. [12] Prevention is key for period cramps, so if this is an issue for you, I recommend starting a magnesium supplement immediately. Either magnesium citrate or magnesium glycinate can work to relieve your cramps right away! For acute cramps, you can also take magnesium as needed (one to four times per day), which should help relieve pain as quickly as ibuprofen, without the side effects. In my clinical experience, I’ve seen women who take magnesium for one month say that their cramps are reduced by 80-90 percent the first period after starting magnesium, and they are almost completely gone within two months. If you find that your periods are still painful, that may be a sign that you will need more time with magnesium to replete your stores, and that you should work on your adrenals, which can lead to menstrual issues when impaired. In such cases, you can combine magnesium with ibuprofen for period cramps. However, your ultimate goal, of course, is to get off the ibuprofen and save it for emergencies only.
- For body cramps: Increasing your magnesium stores will prevent body cramps, so if you have intermittent cramps now, you should start taking magnesium preventatively. You can take either magnesium citrate or magnesium glycinate. Again, if you are having acute cramps, you can also take magnesium as needed, one to four times per day (magnesium glycinate is less likely to cause diarrhea), as well as soak in Epsom salt baths — they are so soothing and are a wonderful tool for your self-care routine. If you find that you are still cramping, that may be a sign that you will need more time on magnesium to replete your stores, or that you have other nutrient deficiencies or food sensitivities. You can combine magnesium with pain medications as you work your way off them, though I do recommend checking with your pharmacist first, as magnesium can prevent the absorption of some medications.
- For anxiety: Magnesium deficiency can contribute to anxiety, and I recommend replenishing your magnesium stores to reduce symptoms. [13] The citrate salt of magnesium (magnesium citrate) is the most common ingredient in formulations of “calming” supplements — though, for acute bouts of anxiety, a faster-acting magnesium supplement in liquid form may work best. Other reasons for anxiety that should be explored include blood sugar imbalances, selenium deficiency, adrenal dysfunction, and gut issues.
- For headaches: Prevention is key for migraines and headaches as well, so I recommend starting magnesium immediately if you suffer from either. You can take either magnesium citrate or magnesium glycinate. If you are having acute headaches, you can also take magnesium as needed, one to four times per day. If you find that you are still getting headaches/migraines, it may be a sign that you need more time on magnesium to replete your stores, or that you are reacting to foods. You may also have infections, like H. pylori, that can contribute to such food sensitivities. You can combine magnesium with pain medications in most cases, though I’d recommend checking with your pharmacist first, as magnesium can prevent the absorption of some medications.
- Eye twitches: Research has shown that eye twitches (blepharospasms) can be one of the ways magnesium deficiency manifests in the body. When the cellular levels of magnesium are low, the cells within the eyes are more easily “excitable”, resulting in them firing off even weaker signals from the brain. While this effect may happen all over the body with magnesium deficiency, it is especially felt in the eyes, as the skin is very thin there. [14]
It’s important to note that if you are currently using other medications, such as those used to regulate blood pressure, you should check with your pharmacist before supplementing with magnesium, as it can interfere with the absorption of some medications.
To learn more about calming your symptoms, download my free Supplements to Subdue Symptoms eBook below!
Forms of Magnesium
There is a long list of different forms of supplemental magnesium, and they each have their own benefits and potential drawbacks.
As mentioned above, certain types of magnesium can be used as a laxative. Specifically, for people with Hashimoto’s and constipation, I recommend Magnesium Citrate Powder by Rootcology. This is also the form that was studied specifically for Hashimoto’s.
Here’s what Joyce had to say after trying my Magnesium Citrate Powder:
“I have never had trouble falling asleep, but have struggled for years with waking up, tossing and turning, and not feeling rested in the morning. This powder gave me the sleep that I never thought was possible… without feeling drowsy in the morning. I take it right before bed and not only fall asleep easily, but stay asleep during the night. I feel rested in the morning and am not dealing with energy slumps throughout the day. Highly recommended!”
Most people will find that the citrate version induces relaxation and can aid in achieving a restful night of sleep. However, a small percentage of people will find that the opposite is true for them, while others may have diarrhea and further “movement” of the bowels that may not be desirable. In such cases, I recommend trying a different form of magnesium.
For people who tend towards diarrhea, I recommend Magnesium Glycinate by Pure Encapsulations. This type of magnesium has been shown to relieve magnesium deficiency on blood tests, but does not loosen stool. However, for some people, magnesium glycinate can worsen anxiety symptoms.
There is a group of people who can’t tolerate magnesium glycinate due to the GAD1 gene variation. While most people convert this form of magnesium into GABA (a relaxing neurotransmitter), those with the gene variation will convert the glycinate to glutamate (an excitatory neurotransmitter that causes anxiety/irritability in excess) and may need to look for a different form of magnesium. [15]
Additionally, those with oxalate issues may find worsening of their symptoms with taking magnesium glycinate or glycine, due to the overconversion of the glycine to glyoxylate, an oxalate precursor, especially in the presence of of B6/P5P deficiency. [16]
Please note: An inability to break down glutamate and oxalates can be an indication of B6 deficiency. If you are finding yourself anxious after taking magnesium glycinate, glycine, GABA, glutamate, glutamine, and/or bone broth, you may benefit from taking B6 (I prefer the activated, P5P version at 50-100 mg per day, as the pyridoxine B6 version can be toxic above 300 mg). Research shows that B6 may help the body process glutamate. [17] 😉
Other forms of magnesium that may be helpful include:
- Magnesium malate – This form promotes energy and may be effective for those experiencing chronic fatigue or fibromyalgia. For others, it may be too stimulating and cause sleep disruptions, especially if taken late in the day.
- Magnesium taurate – This form reduces cortisol and may lead to stress reduction.
- Magnesium threonate – This form may improve learning and memory functions, as well as be beneficial for those experiencing age-related cognitive decline.
- Magnesium chloride – This form can lower anxiety, reduce pain, and help promote restful sleep. It is also sometimes used topically as an antimicrobial treatment, or to deliver magnesium directly into the bloodstream, which can be beneficial for those with malabsorption issues.
Note: It is important to be aware that magnesium can impair the absorption of thyroid medications, so please space out magnesium from your thyroid medications by four hours. For most conditions, I generally recommend taking magnesium at bedtime. However, you should consult with your practitioner before beginning supplementation.
Monitoring Your Thyroid Hormones When Taking Magnesium
Whenever you start a lifestyle or complementary intervention to address Hashimoto’s, I encourage you to work with your doctor to monitor your thyroid symptoms, thyroid hormones, and thyroid antibodies. This is a great idea for any lifestyle intervention, but a must for lifestyle changes that could impact your TSH, like magnesium, especially if you are already taking thyroid medications.
Studies have shown that magnesium can lower TSH (by an average of five points in the study I mentioned earlier!). [18]
What this means is that magnesium could lower or normalize TSH in some cases, thus potentially reducing your requirement (or need) for thyroid meds. So as you move forward with supplementation, please look out for the following symptoms of being overmedicated: rapid or irregular heartbeat, nervousness, irritability or mood swings, muscle weakness or tremors, diarrhea, heat intolerance, menstrual irregularities, hair loss, weight loss, insomnia, chest pain, and/or excessive sweating.
I recommend testing thyroid hormone levels every six to 12 weeks while using complementary therapies, including root cause medicine, diet, or supplements, to ensure your thyroid medication dosage is optimized — or sooner, if you are showing any of the above symptoms. Thyroid medications are goldilocks hormones — they need to be used in just the right dose — and there are risk factors of being overmedicated.
Testing TSH, T4, T3, and the two most common Hashimoto’s antibodies (TPO and TG antibodies — you can read more about antibody tests here) is an important part of ensuring that the lifestyle changes you are making are both safe and helpful. 🙂
If your doctor is ordering these thyroid labs for you, be sure to request a copy so that you can see them for yourself and ensure that they are interpreted correctly. If you aren’t able to use your physician for ordering, or have a high deductible insurance plan like I do, you may also wish to self-order your own thyroid monitoring labs. I recommend the Ulta Labs thyroid panel for monitoring your progress, which can be ordered anywhere in the U.S. (Some, but not all, insurance companies may reimburse you for self-ordered labs, please be sure to check with your plan.)
My Own Magnesium Story
My own introduction to magnesium is a little bit quirky. The year was 2003, and I was in my second year of pharmacy school. A few years had passed since my undergraduate bout with the Epstein-Barr virus (the virus that causes Mono and is a potential trigger for Hashimoto’s), but I was still very fatigued. In addition, I had horrible menstrual cramps and new-onset irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).
One cloudy Sunday afternoon (I was living in Chicago at the time, after all), I was visiting my friend and his family, who were also Polish. The Polish community I grew up in is very superstitious, and a belief in psychics is a cultural norm. So it was no surprise to me that my friend’s mom had a psychic over at the house.
At the insistence of my friend’s mom, the psychic stood over me and began to hum, almost vibrating… After a few minutes, she told me that I had the early signs of a thyroid problem and a heart problem (I had not been diagnosed with either at the time).
Her solution? Take magnesium! She even gave me a bottle of it to take.
Being a skeptical scientist, I scoffed at her idea. After all, I learned that magnesium was used as a laxative during pharmacy school, and none of my doctors said anything about its use for thyroid or heart problems.
I didn’t give her much thought until six years later, when I learned that I had a heart murmur (with a potential mitral valve prolapse) and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis during a physical with my doctor.
I sometimes wonder what would have happened if I had listened to the psychic instead of relying on my Western medical education. And I often wonder how she was able to tell that I had a heart and thyroid problem by just standing over me and humming. After all, I didn’t look sick at the time.
As part of the protocol to heal myself, I did end up using magnesium… Of course, I ended up using many additional things to recover my health, as I share in my book Hashimoto’s: The Root Cause.
Then, a few short years ago, I decided to stop taking magnesium, and was reminded of just how important magnesium really is. After a period of stress, my husband and I decided to take a vacation in the Dominican Republic.
I tend to relapse on caffeine when I’m stressed, and I’d undergone a few rounds of chelation to detox my body (I thought that it would be a good idea for preparing my body for pregnancy — more about why this wasn’t the best idea some other time).
My stress was further exacerbated by a couple of delayed flights and a long drive to our hotel from the airport. A day or so after we landed, I ended up with horrible menstrual cramps, along with diarrhea. (The prostaglandins that are responsible for period cramps due to uterine contractions also cause contractions of the bowels, leading to stomach cramps and diarrhea — not pleasant.)
I had to spend half a day in bed, feeling weak, pale and tired. I hadn’t experienced this issue for many years and ended up having to take ibuprofen as a rescue remedy.
I didn’t have any other symptoms of magnesium deficiency, but decided to take some magnesium anyway, as I realized that the stress and chelation combination likely depleted more magnesium than I had thought. I knew that magnesium deficiency can increase prostaglandin production (as I mentioned earlier on in this article), so I thought taking a magnesium supplement was worth a try.
I began to take the magnesium at bedtime, a few weeks before my next period (prevention works best). Lo and behold, my cramps went from a 10/10 on a pain scale, to barely there on my next period. I would’ve rated them a 1/10. Taking an additional two doses of magnesium throughout the day made that a 0.1/10 the next time my menstrual cycle came around. No more ibuprofen was needed after that!
While I’ll never be able to explain the powers of the psychic who “diagnosed” my magnesium deficiency those many years ago, I can at least attest to the power of magnesium!
Takeaway
If you have been suffering from headaches, menstrual cramps, anxiety, muscle aches, constipation, insomnia, or other symptoms that may be linked to magnesium deficiency, I highly recommend trying a quality magnesium supplement. Most Americans, and certainly those with Hashimoto’s, are deficient in this important nutrient, and can benefit greatly from magnesium supplementation.
For more information on my liver and adrenal protocols — both of which use magnesium as a key nutrient — I encourage you to pick up a copy of Hashimoto’s Protocol. The information inside will help guide you through your healing journey, and offer you practical tips on how to use supplements to address your own root causes.
My cookbook, Hashimoto’s Food Pharmacology, dives even deeper into nutrition protocols and healing recipes to help you take charge of your thyroid health!
Magnesium deficiency can also be linked to adrenal dysfunction. If you’re feeling like you can’t get through your day without caffeine, tend to get wired at night, have trouble falling asleep, and are experiencing low energy and mood, cramps or pain, you might have some degree of adrenal dysfunction. You can learn more about how to support your adrenals in my latest book, Adrenal Transformation Protocol!
Have you tried magnesium? How has it helped? What are some additional things you’ve tried for the above-listed conditions?
As always, I wish you the very best of health!
P.S. You can also download a free Thyroid Diet Guide, 10 thyroid-friendly recipes, and the Nutrient Depletions and Digestion chapter of my first book for free by subscribing to my weekly newsletter. You will also receive occasional updates about new research, resources, giveaways and helpful information.
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References
[1] Al Alawi AM, Al Badi A, Al Huraizi A, Falhammar H. Magnesium: The recent research and developments. Adv Food Nutr Res. 2021;96:193-218. doi:10.1016/bs.afnr.2021.01.001
[2] George D. Lundberg M. Magnesium Deficiency: The Real Emperor of All Maladies?. Medscape. http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/844214. Published May 11, 2015.; Moncayo R, Moncayo H. The WOMED model of benign thyroid disease: Acquired magnesium deficiency due to physical and psychological stressors relates to dysfunction of oxidative phosphorylation. BBA Clin. 2014;12(3):44-64. doi:10.1016/j.bbacli.2014.11.002.; Magnesium Fact Sheet for Professionals. National Institutes of Health Office of Dietary Supplements. Updated March 1, 2022. Accessed April 28, 2022. https://ods.od.nih.gov/ factsheets/Magnesium-HealthProfessional/
[3] Abbas A, Sakr H. Effect of magnesium sulfate and thyroxine on inflammatory markers in a rat model of hypothyroidism. Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 2016;94(4):426-32. doi:10.1139/cjpp-2015-0247.; Moncayo R, Moncayo H. The WOMED model of benign thyroid disease: Acquired magnesium deficiency due to physical and psychological stressors relates to dysfunction of oxidative phosphorylation. BBA Clin. 2014;12(3):44-64. doi:10.1016/j.bbacli.2014.11.002.; Cinar V. The effects of magnesium supplementation on thyroid hormones of sedentars and Tae-Kwon-Do sportsperson at resting and exhaustion. Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2007;28(5):708-12.
[4] Al Alawi AM, Al Badi A, Al Huraizi A, Falhammar H. Magnesium: The recent research and developments. Adv Food Nutr Res. 2021;96:193-218. doi:10.1016/bs.afnr.2021.01.001; Magnesium Fact Sheet for Professionals. National Institutes of Health Office of Dietary Supplements. Updated March 1, 2022. Accessed April 28, 2022. https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Magnesium-HealthProfessional/
[5] Baydas B, Karagoz S, Meral I. Effects of oral zinc and magnesium supplementation on serum thyroid hormone and lipid levels in experimentally induced diabetic rats. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2002;88(3):247-253. doi:10.1385/BTER:88:3:247; Soma M, Cunnane SC, Horrobin DF, Manku MS, Honda M, Hatano M. Effects of low magnesium diet on the vascular prostaglandin and fatty acid metabolism in rats. Prostaglandins. 1988;36(4):431-441. doi:10.1016/0090-6980(88)90041-x
[6] Kawicka A, Regulska-Ilow B, Regulska-Ilow B. Metabolic disorders and nutritional status in autoimmune thyroid diseases. Postepy Hig Med Dosw (Online). 2015;69(2):80-90. doi:10.5604/17322693.1136383.; Magnesium Fact Sheet for Professionals. National Institutes of Health Office of Dietary Supplements. Updated March 1, 2022. Accessed April 28, 2022. https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Magnesium- HealthProfessional/; Wang K, Wei H, Zhang W, et al. Severely low serum magnesium is associated with increased risks of positive anti-thyroglobulin antibody and hypothyroidism: A cross-sectional study. Sci Rep. 2018;8(1):9904. Published 2018 Jul 2. doi:10.1038/s41598-018-28362-5
[7] Moncayo R, Moncayo H. The WOMED model of benign thyroid disease: Acquired magnesium deficiency due to physical and psychological stressors relates to dysfunction of oxidative phosphorylation. BBA Clin. 2014;12(3):44-64. doi:10.1016/j.bbacli.2014.11.002.
[8] Moncayo R, Moncayo H. The WOMED model of benign thyroid disease: Acquired magnesium deficiency due to physical and psychological stressors relates to dysfunction of oxidative phosphorylation. BBA Clin. 2014;12(3):44-64. doi:10.1016/j.bbacli.2014.11.002.; Moncayo R, Moncayo H. Exploring the aspect of psychosomatics in hypothyroidism: The WOMED model of body–mind interactions based on musculoskeletal changes, psychological stressors, and low levels of magnesium. Woman – Psychosomatic Gynaecology and Obstetrics. 2014;1:1-11. doi:10.1016/j.woman.2014.02.001.; Moncayo R, Moncayo H. Proof of concept of the WOMED model of benign thyroid disease: Restitution of thyroid morphology after correction of physical and psychological stressors and magnesium supplementation. BBA Clin. 2015;3:113-122. doi:10.1016/j.bbacli.2014.12.005.
[9] Magnesium Fact Sheet for Professionals. National Institutes of Health Office of Dietary Supplements. Updated March 1, 2022. Accessed April 28, 2022. https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Magnesium-Health Professional/
[10] Magnesium Fact Sheet for Professionals. National Institutes of Health Office of Dietary Supplements. Updated March 1, 2022. Accessed April 28, 2022. https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Magnesium-Health Professional/
[11] Mori H, Tack J, Suzuki H. Magnesium Oxide in Constipation. Nutrients. 2021;13(2):421. Published 2021 Jan 28. doi:10.3390/nu13020421
[12] Soma M, Cunnane SC, Horrobin DF, Manku MS, Honda M, Hatano M. Effects of low magnesium diet on the vascular prostaglandin and fatty acid metabolism in rats. Prostaglandins. 1988;36(4):431-441. doi:10.1016/0090-6980(88)90041-x
[13] Boyle NB, Lawton C, Dye L. The Effects of Magnesium Supplementation on Subjective Anxiety and Stress-A Systematic Review. Nutrients. 2017;9(5):429. Published 2017 Apr 26. doi:10.3390/nu9050429
[14] Magnesium for eye twitching. Medical Encyclopedia. Medlineplus.gov. 2022. Accessed April 25, 2022. https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/002423.htm.
[15] Dicken MS, Hughes AR, Hentges ST. Gad1 mRNA as a reliable indicator of altered GABA release from orexigenic neurons in the hypothalamus. Eur J Neurosci. 2015;42(9):2644-2653. doi:10.1111/ejn.13076
[16] Hahn RG, Sikk M. Glycine loading and urinary oxalate excretion. Urol Int. 1994;52(1):14-16. doi:10.1159/000282562
[17] Folkers K, Shizukuishi S, Willis R, Scudder SL, Takemura K, Longenecker JB. The biochemistry of vitamin B6 is basic to the cause of the Chinese restaurant syndrome. Hoppe Seylers Z Physiol Chem. 1984 Mar;365(3):405-14. doi: 10.1515/bchm2.1984.365.1.405. PMID: 6724532.
[18] Moncayo R, Moncayo H. The WOMED model of benign thyroid disease: Acquired magnesium deficiency due to physical and psychological stressors relates to dysfunction of oxidative phosphorylation. BBA Clin. 2014;12(3):44-64. doi:10.1016/j.bbacli.2014.11.002.
Please note: Originally Published in May 2016, this article has been updated for accuracy and thoroughness.
I have hypothyroid or hashimotos don’t know exactly have problems with constipation insomnia tried with magnesium citrate for both problems does not help I struggle don’t know what to do I bought your book and thinking to buy your program I need a lot of help and don’t have a lot of money to do everything I would like to do But I have a big respect for you and admire you for your intelligence. Sincerely Paula picariello
Paula- Thank you so much for your support. I’m looking forward to hearing your progress on this page. Make sure to take the book slow, take notes, highlight, and establish a baseline when making changes. Thyroid tissue can regenerate, but the rate at which it does is not always predictable. Thus, some are able to stop the autoimmune attack on their thyroid and regain normal thyroid function. Others can reduce the dose of medications, and others will need to stay on the medications indefinitely. I’m currently working on some protocols to help with tissue regeneration.
Reversing Hashimoto’s means different things to different people. For some, it means a reduction in symptoms and for others it means a reduction in your antibodies. I had both. Here a few articles that might be helpful for you 🙂
IS IT POSSIBLE TO RECOVER THYROID FUNCTION IN HASHIMOTO’S
https://thyroidpharmacist.com/articles/is-it-possible-to-recover-thyroid-function-in-hashimotos
REVERSING AUTOIMMUNITY? AND THE PERFECT STORM
https://thyroidpharmacist.com/articles/reversing-autoimmunity-and-the-perfect-storm/
HASHIMOTO’S SELF CARE, GETTING AND STAYING IN REMISSION
https://thyroidpharmacist.com/articles/hashimotos-self-care
Hi! Just found your site. I have suspected thyroid issues and just got my bloodwork and is trying to understand it.
I helps! I try to learn how to read my bloodwork. ie can I trust the references the doctors use.
I tested magnesium and I’m not deficient, it was actually pretty high in the chart. 0.9 (ref 0,70-0,95 mmol/L). Do I need to supplement anyway?
Also my TPO came back <10 (ref 0-35 kIE/L) does that mean normal and no worry about hashimoto, or does the mere presence of antibodies mean that I will get hashi eventually?? cannot seem to find this answer anywhere, so I'm very grateful for a reply 🙂
Helene – thank you for following this page.
Please, understand that due to liability issues, I am unable to answer specific medical questions.
I highly recommend that you work with a functional medicine clinician. It’s a whole medical specialty dedicated to finding and treating underlying causes and prevention of serious chronic disease rather than disease symptoms.
FUNCTIONAL MEDICINE APPROACH TO THE THYROID
https://thyroidpharmacist.com/articles/functional-medicine-approach-to-the-thyroid
WHAT TYPE OF DOCTOR SHOULD YOU SEE IF YOU HAVE HASHIMOTO’S
https://thyroidpharmacist.com/articles/what-type-of-doctor-should-you-see-if-you-have-hashimotos
10 THINGS I WISH MY ENDOCRINOLOGIST WOULD HAVE TOLD ME
https://thyroidpharmacist.com/articles/10-things-i-wish-my-endocrinologist-would-have-told-me
CLINICIAN DATABASE
http://www.thyroidpharmacistconsulting.com/clinician-database.html
FIND A FUNCTIONAL MEDICINE CLINICIAN
https://www.functionalmedicine.org/practitioner_search.aspx?id=117
Just printed this article and need to read/digest. I wish physicians had more training with nutrition, etc. I get so much conflicting info from some doctors. I know they are not trained in this subject but it gets scary at times. I was searching for interactions with thyroid medication and magnesium. Good to know to take it at bedtime. Too bad Medicare won’t pay for a nutrionist.
Maureen, – thank you so much for following! ❤️ I’m so glad you found this article helpful! When it comes to diet, going gluten-free is always the first step that I recommend. Through my research, I’ve found that a good percentage feel better off gluten. About 20% will actually go into remission by doing so. Some researchers have found that three to six months on a gluten-free diet can eliminate organ-specific antibodies. Here are some articles I hope you find interesting:
IS GLUTEN THE ROOT CAUSE OF YOUR THYROID CONDITION?
https://thyroidpharmacist.com/articles/gluten-root-cause-thyroid-condition/
10 MOST HELPFUL DIY INTERVENTIONS FOR HASHIMOTO’S
https://thyroidpharmacist.com/articles/10-most-helpful-diy-interventions-for-hashimotosaccording-to-my-clients
Why magnesium citrate or glycinate and magnesium hydroxide? These are the ingredients on the mag supplement I take. Could this be why. O thing I do works for me?
Ascorbic Acid 150mg
Magnesium 380mg
Sodium 50mg
Bioflavonoid Complex 50mg
Other Ingredients: rice flour and Bioflavonoids Complex (orange (peel), lemon (peel), quince (whole fruit), Hypromellose (vegetable capsule)
Maureen – there are about 20 different types of magnesium and the Magnesium glycinate and Magnesium citrate are the ones that I’ve seen people have the most success with.
NEW STUDIES ON MAGNESIUM AND THYROID HEALTH
https://thyroidpharmacist.com/articles/new-studies-on-magnesium-and-thyroid-health
Hi! I am happy that I found your website. Recently I made TSH tests and the value is <0005 from 0.27-4.2 that is the range. what food supplements should I take except Unimazole 5 mg 3 times per day? Should i take magnezium, vitamin b complex, vitamin c? I would appreciate your answer. Thank you!
Ledia – thank you for following this page.
Not everyone will need every single supplement! In fact, I believe that most nutrients should come from the diet, this is why I always list food sources for most of the nutrients, vitamins, minerals and probiotics that are depleted in Hashimoto’s in the book and on the blog. However, some may require/prefer supplements and the supplements on the website are a resource for those that do. I recommend getting tested for deficiencies to determine your need for a supplement as instructed in the book and blog. I also don’t recommend starting multiple supplements all at once. I recommend starting one at a time and then adding another a week or so later once it has been confirmed that the first supplement is not causing any harm.
I do have a full supplements chapter in my book. Have you checked it out? Not everyone should be taking every supplement and the book will help uncover your root cause. This will help you figure out your supplementation.
Hashimoto’s Root Cause
http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0615825796?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creativeASIN=0615825796&linkCode=xm2&tag=thyroipharma-20
Hashimoto’s Protocol
https://thyroidpharmacist.com/protocol
Hi Dr Wentz,
I have Hashimoto’s and am currently taking NatureThroid 32.5MG/day, half upon waking (between 7-7:30am) and the other half approximately 4 hrs later.
I take Magnesium glycinate, 120mg and calcium, 250mg X 3/day with each meal.
I had read somewhere that I should separate the calcium from the thyroid med by at least 2 hrs. Now I read that you recommend 4 hrs between med and magnesium. How can I do this if I take magnesium 3x/day? I have broken down the magnesium dose this because I have had trouble in the past with diarrhea if I take a larger dose all at once.
thank you
Tina
Tina – thank you for following this page.
I’m hesitant to say what you should do … based on liability. If something were to happen to you I could lose my license.
A couple of years after my diagnosis, I found Hashimoto’s 411, a closed Facebook group run by Alice Berry McDonnell. This group is amazing! It is comprised of an army of highly motivated, smart, supportive women and men (now 50,000+ strong), and each of them sharing ideas of what worked for them, things they were planning to try, and offering support to one another.
https://www.facebook.com/groups/hashimotos411/
What are your thoughts on topical magnesium oil? I have heard that it is a more effective way to absorb magnesium than supplements. Just ordered your book and look forward to reading it.
Rebecca – thank you for following this page. There are about 20 different types of magnesium and the Magnesium glycinate and Magnesium citrate are the ones that I’ve seen people have the most success with.
https://www.purerxo.com/thyroidpharmacist/rxo/products/product_details.asp?ProductsID=997
Dr. Wentz, I bought the book and the audiobook. Thank you for all the info you provide. It has helped me understand my hypothyroid.
My questions; is decaffeniated coffee ok or should I eliminate that too with my caffeinated coffee, teas and beverages? 2) which magnesium helps with anxiety, I believe I read magnesium glycinate in your book. Thank you for caring about your thyroid work/research.
-Ketta
Ketta – thank you for following this page. For questions pertaining to the protocols please contact my team at info@thyroidpharmacist.com and they will be happy to help you.
My vitamin d was low I heard you have to take vitamin k2 while taking vitamin d3 is that right. Thank you
Jamie – thank you for following this page. Here is an article you might find helpful.
SUNSHINE FOR YOUR THYROID
https://thyroidpharmacist.com/articles/get-some-sunshine-for-your-thyroid
Very informative
Leonie – thank you for following this page. Here is another article which you may find interesting.
THE MANY FACES OF HASHIMOTO’S
https://thyroidpharmacist.com/articles/the-many-faces-of-hashimotos/
Hi I have just read the above article
My question is, I take liquid magnesium at bedtime as well as applying topical magnesium spray on my feet.
Then in the morning after a shower I apply more topical magnesium spray this ususlly within 1 to 1 1/2 hours after taking my thyroxine.
Is this to close together
Thank you in advance
Beth Cox
Beth – thank you for following this page. For questions pertaining to the supplements please contact my team at info@thyroidpharmacist.com and they will be happy to help you. 🙂
Hello I am so happy I stumbled across your page I seriously want to try the magnesium citrate because I was going to go out and buy all this stuff to help me deal with menopause and headaches but I would much rather try the Magnesium first since I’m on thyroid medicine….. can you please recommend the best brand I can buy in stores right now????? Thank you. 🙂
Susan – thank you for following this page. There are about 20 different types of magnesium, Magnesium Glycinate and Magnesium citrate are the ones that I’ve seen people have the most success. Here is a link to the one I recommend.
https://www.purerxo.com/thyroidpharmacist/rxo/products/product_details.asp?ProductsID=997
Hi Dr. Izabella,
I just smiled when I read the second paragraph of this page on magnesium and learning that you too are Polish. My mom is from Grodzisko Gorne and the picture of the cottage on the Wikipedia page for this town is the house she grew up in before coming to the US when she was a little girl https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grodzisko_G%C3%B3rne
Maybe it was all the delicious pierogis I ate growing up that contributed to my Hashimoto’s (a little humor here). My Babci made the best ones.
Christine – thank you for following this page and for sharing this! <3
Hi Dr! I bought selenium and magnesium citrate and was going to move on to taking them together (selenium in a.m. and magensium in the p.m.) as you mentioned in Hashimoto’s Protocol. However, took selenium two days in a row and all my hypothyroid symptoms came back today with a vengeance. AIP was making me stronger and I was stabilizing. I was hoping to get my immune system to quiet down but I feel like the selenium actually activated it. Now I’m afraid to take the magnesium. Is it worth it? What can be the negative consequences? My TPO was at 264 and my thyroglobulin was at 1.5. My alkaline phosphatase is low; perhaps I should focus on a supplement of zinc? I take acacia fiber and do not have issues with constipation at this time…. but the anxiety is there, especially on days like this. Thanks in advance. <3
Jeannea – thank you for reaching out. For questions pertaining to the supplements please contact my team at info@thyroidpharmacist.com and they will be happy to help you. <3
You don’t mention anything about dosage. How much magnesium should I be taking?
Laura – thank you for reaching out. There are about 20 different types of magnesium, and the Magnesium Glycinate and Magnesium citrate are the ones that I’ve seen people have the most success. This article will give you more information about the types of magnesium and dosages:
NEW STUDIES ON MAGNESIUM AND THYROID HEALTH
https://thyroidpharmacist.com/articles/new-studies-on-magnesium-and-thyroid-health
This is the variety of magnesium I recommend for those with loose stools:
MAGNESIUM CITRATE
https://www.purerxo.com/thyroidpharmacist/rxo/products/product_details.asp?ProductsID=810
MAGNESIUM GLYCINATE
https://www.purerxo.com/thyroidpharmacist/rxo/products/product_details.asp?ProductsID=951
https://www.facebook.com/ThyroidLifestyle/posts/907802322703644?comment_id=910358129114730&reply_comment_id=910651832418693&comment_tracking=%7B%22tn%22%3A%22R9%22%7D
I see that the magnesium citrate you recommend is only 80 mg. So when you say to take 1-4 a day you mean 80-320 mg, right? The magnesium tablets that I take are 250 mg and I take 2 every night to help me sleep, but they don’t seem to have any effect. Two nights ago I took 3 (i.e., 750 mg) and slept better than usual. Is it safe to take so much?
Hi there! I keep coming back to this post. I really feel it’s far and beyond the most helpful hypothyroidism article I’ve read. My sister (45) had surgery to fix her mitral valve prolapse after years of monitoring. It first showed up when she was 27. I was diagnosed with Hashimoto’s when I was 25 and am now 43 and got so little help from Synthroid. (I mean why wouldn’t doctors just at least prescribe Armour instead?) My mom has an insane time with magnesium deficiency and heart disease is the main issue on both sides of my family. Your research and path just totally resonate. So here’s my question – finally!! 😉 I have been taking mag glycinate, but read that citrate has more elemental magnesium in it and that is what Drs. Moncayo suggested. Do you think using a mag with higher elemental mag would give better results like they found (I know it took months) than a form of mag with lower levels? Also, have been totally fascinated with sulfur and it’s impact on a myriad of things, but for me and my daughter, it’s impact on congestion. What are you thoughts on the value of sulfur and the lack thereof in our diets? Thanks!!!!!
Isabel – thank you for reaching out. I wish I could give you more direct advice but, each person will react differently. I would advise you to ask your trusted clinician who’s care you are under. I am not able to respond directly to these types of questions here. I also don’t recommend starting multiple supplements all at once. I recommend starting one at a time, and then adding another a week or so later once it has been confirmed that the first supplement is not causing any harm.
I do have a full supplements chapter in my book. Have you checked it out? Not everyone should be taking every supplement and the book will help uncover your root cause. This will help you figure out your supplementation.
Hashimoto’s Root Cause
http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0615825796?ie=UTF8…
Hashimoto’s Protocol
thyroidpharmacist.com/protocol
Hi! What great information! I have Hashimoto’s, but recently have had symptoms of being overmedicated (nearly every symptom of hyperthyroidism). I am hoping it is in remission or improving, and I recently lowered my dosage of Levothyroxine. Based on your suggestions (as well as Dr. Axe), I am planning to start taking magnesium, selenium, and COQ10. Regarding magnesium – I am both prone to diarrhea and prone to anxiety. This is making it hard for me to decide between the two types you mentioned. Which is a more common side effect, or which should be the greater concern? Thanks so much! I am looking forward to reading more of your articles.
Kelly – Thank you for following this page. Please, understand that due to liability issues, I am unable to answer specific medical questions, but I highly recommend that you work with a functional medicine clinician. It’s an entire medical specialty dedicated to finding and treating underlying causes and prevention of serious chronic disease rather than disease symptoms. Here are some links which might help:
FUNCTIONAL MEDICINE APPROACH TO THE THYROID
https://thyroidpharmacist.com/articles/functional-medicine-approach-to-the-thyroid
CLINICIAN DATABASE
https://www.thyroidpharmacistconsulting.com/clinician-database.html
MY RECENT CHALLENGES AND FINDING DR. RIGHT
https://thyroidpharmacist.com/articles/my-challenges-and-finding-dr-right/
Magnesium Threonate was mentioned somewhere as an alternative to the citrate (I don’t have constipation) and glyconate (Preferring to avoid anxiety)… is Threonate a good option? I would like to try a Magnesium supplement but I am already taking T3 and Tirosint for Thyroidectomy induced hypothyroidism (have Graves and Hashi) and I am also experiencing low cortisol currently. Which Magnesium would be a good version to try? Love your books and site. Health & less stress to all!!
Katie – thank you for you support. For questions pertaining to the supplements please contact my team at info@thyroidpharmacist.com and they will be happy to help you. <3
When I started mag supplementation, I first tried mag citrate. It triggered terrible headaches. After some internet research, I found that this is not uncommon with the citrate form. So I now take mag glycinate and have none of negative side effects. Thought I’d throw this out there for others who may be having the same issue.
Thanks for your excellent article. I’ve bookmarked it for future reference.
Belinda – thank you for sharing what has worked for you! 🙂
Have you heard anything about magnesium citrate causing mania?
Bob – Thanks for your question! I’ll add this to my list of future research possibilities. I would love to hear more about your experiences here on this page!
Hi Dr. Wentz,
I’m not sure if you still check this, but I’ll give it a shot!
My doctor recommended I start taking magnesium to help with some Lyme induced muscle spasms. I’m also on a lengthy and aggressive antibiotic protocol, which has warranted that I also take 100 billion CFU of probiotics.
I know that magnesium should be separated from both thyroid medications (of which I’m on two) and antibiotics (also two); should I also try to space magnesium out from my probiotics, or can I take them together?
Thank you!
Rachel – thank you for reaching out and sharing your journey with me. Thyroid medication absorption can be impacted by many things, including food, other medications, and supplements. Thyroid medication should be taken on an empty stomach, one to two hours before eating, taking other medications, supplements or coffee to ensure appropriate absorption. Antacids such as Tums, iron, magnesium, and calcium supplements can impair the absorption of thyroid medications. Thus, you need to have at least 4 hours of time in between your thyroid medications and these agents. Please be sure to read the directions provided with the medication. I hope you find this free ebook helpful. https://thyroidpharmacist.com/meds-ebook/
Hi Dr. Wentz, I just brought a bottle of calcium plus and magnesium plus fruit& vegetable blend supplement and I want to know if it’s ok for me to take?? It has vitamin D(12.5mcg) calcium 500mg (calcium carbonate calcium amino acid chelate, calcium cirate) magnesium 245mg (oxide,magnesium aspartate) organic fruit and vegetable blend 25mgs
Joyce – thank you for reaching out. I regret that I do not have the time to evaluate every supplement on the market. As a pharmacist, I can tell you that many supplements are ineffective, and some are even downright unsafe. The truth is that most supplement companies do not undergo the same scrutiny and testing that pharmaceutical products do. This is because many of the tests required of pharmaceutical companies are voluntary for supplement companies and most companies do not take the extra steps to test their products to ensure safety and purity. I recommend that you do your research and check with your doctor who familiar with your health history.
Hello! My dr is having me on magnesium 100% chelated. It costs much more than regular magnesium glycinate. Do you think one is preferred over the other? I am so happy I came across your website – so many things make sense now!
Tammy – thank you for reaching out and sharing. There are about 20 different types of magnesium. Magnesium glycinate and Magnesium citrate are the ones that I’ve seen people have the most success with. I recommend that you discuss the different forms of Magnesium with your practitioner.
Wonderful information. I am near 86 us old. First diagnosed at age 25. Struggled my LIFETIME with doctors and various medications. I have mitral valve prolapse only discovered recently. Still learning. Thank you so much for your wonderful research/information.Betty
Betty – thank you so much for sharing your journey with me! I am so happy you are taking charge of your health! <3
Hello Izabella, thanks for so valuable information that you give! Do you recomend magnesium chloride? (I do have constipation). I’ve alredy prepared it and I was going to take about 75ml, but I didn’t find information here about this form of magnesium. Thank you!
Paula – thank you for reaching out. There are about 20 different types of magnesium and the Magnesium glycinate and Magnesium citrate are the ones that I’ve seen people have the most success with. I am not able to advise on whether magnesium chloride would be appropriate for you and your specific health needs without a comprehensive health assessment. I recommend that you discuss this with your personal doctor. <3
I noticed from this article that is focused on Hashimoto which is HypoThyroidism and mostly associated with high TSH level. I’m a HyperThyroid (Grave’s disease) patient for 5 years now and my TSH is always at the bottom level (.006 to .802). Given my low TSH situation, would you recommend taking Magnesium supplement? Thank you and I appreciate your help.
Steve – thank you for reaching out. I am not able to advise on whether magnesium would be appropriate for you and your specific health needs without a comprehensive health assessment. I do recommend that you discuss this with your personal doctor. Graves and Hashimoto’s are both autoimmune conditions that affect the thyroid. They are thought to be closely related. Sometimes one turns into the other. The difference is the site of the antibody attack. In Hashimoto’s, the antibodies are found to thyroglobulin (in 80%) and thyroid peroxidase (TPO) enzyme (in 95% of people) Hashimoto’s results in hypothyroidism and is usually treated with Synthroid and replacement hormone.
The same antibodies may be present in a smaller percentage of people who have Graves, but the main antibody is to the TSH Receptor (TSHR-Ab). Usually, people with Graves have hyperthyroidism, and they are treated conventionally with thyroid suppressing drugs (methimazole) or radioactive iodine to destroy the thyroid. At that point, the thyroid will no longer produce hormones on its own, and these people end up on Synthroid as well.
Most thyroid conditions result from the immune system attacking the thyroid because the immune system is out of balance. Even when the thyroid is taken out surgically or treated with radioactive iodine the autoimmunity still persists in most cases. Many people will have their thyroids removed, and will develop new autoimmune disorders such as Lupus, Rheumatoid arthritis, etc. The immune system just finds a different target.
We need to rebalance the immune system to prevent this. Sometimes the autoimmunity can be reversed as well! The gut determines your immune system. With the exception of discussing proper thyroid medication dosing, the majority of my website and my book focuses on balancing the immune system. The info I present is based on my own research and journey for overcoming my autoimmune thyroid condition. Here are the links to my books:
Hashimoto’s Root Cause
http://amzn.to/2DoeC80
Hashimoto’s Protocol
http://amzn.to/2B5J1mq
Hashimoto’s Food Pharmacology
https://www.amazon.com/Hashimotos-Food-Pharmacology-Nutrition-Protocols/dp/0062571591?tag=thyroipharma-20
I live in India.want to buy your mag.citrate powder.I have hypothyroid ( not sure about hashimatos) since 7 yrs.chronic constipation,insomnia, joint pain (especially knee joint), swollen n receeding gums,falling n thinning hairs,anxiety,depression,rough n dry skin r my symptoms.Will your product help me to clear,feeling depressed kindly help me.thx in advance.
Afreen – thank you for reaching out. Unfortunately, we cannot currently sell or ship our Rootcology supplements outside of the United States due to complicated regulations. Below are some international resources, where you may be able to find other supplement brands recommended in my Hashimoto’s Protocol book or similar products:
* http://www.naturaldispensary.co.uk – based in the UK, but ships to most of Europe. Use “Izabella Wentz” as referring practitioner
* http://www.iherb.com/ – has many supplements that ships all over the world
* nutritiongeeks.co.uk – has most Designs For Health products
* Vitamins – biowitalni.pl
* https://www.suplementosdouglas.com
* https://www.nutrimi.es
* https://www.herbolariohierbabuena.com
* http://www.purenature.es
* superfood.nl
* Vitamins/supplements – farmaline.nl
* http://www.bio-health.co.uk/
* http://www.purebio.co.uk
* https://thyroidpharmacist.com/go/amrita-recommended-products/
I hope that the above helps! Thank you for your interest in Rootcology supplements.
Hi there, I have a spray magnesium, will this give me supplementation if I spray it on, it is called magnesium oil because it feels oily but is not really oil
Rhianne – thank you for reaching out. Magnesium oil is not technically an oil but a solution. Using 2–4 oz. in a bath or a twenty to thirty-minute foot soak is helpful to restore intracellular magnesium levels. Epson salt baths have also been found to increase magnesium levels. You can find more information in my book
Hashimoto’s Root Cause:
http://amzn.to/2DoeC80
Hi 🙂 What value of magnesium in a blood test is considered sufficient, and when does it become a deficiency?
Somarie – thank you for reaching out. If you wish to assess your magnesium levels with blood testing, I recommend the Spectracell Micronutrient Test Panel and you could check with them on their lab ranges. However, my experience has shown that most people with Hashimoto’s are deficient in magnesium, and it is generally safe to take without testing. If any of the symptoms in the above article apply to you, supplementing with magnesium is usually recommended. I hope this helps. <3
Dr. Isabella,
Thank you so much for all you do!!!
Last year I was diagnosed with hypothyroidism. At the same time, I had been dealing for months with children who suffered from constipation. With much research, I discovered 1) the benefits of magnesium and 2) the VAST storehouse of verifiable knowledge amassed in your website. THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR SHARING ALL YOUR WISDOM!!!!
I bought natural vitality’s natural calm magnesium (unflavored). It was a game changer for me and my family members who were suffering from constipation! We’ve been using it regularly this past year.
However, I have recently come across some negative information regarding this company’s product (high heavy metals?). Can you comment on this? I haven’t been able to find much online. I would like to be able to purchase your magnesium product, but I need to be reassured. Thank you so much for your time and reply!
Amy – thank you so much for sharing your journey. I’m happy to hear you and your family are finding my research helpful. <3 I regret that I do not have the time to evaluate every supplement on the market. As a pharmacist, I can tell you that many supplements are ineffective, and some are even downright unsafe. The truth is that most supplement companies do not undergo the same scrutiny and testing that pharmaceutical products do. This is because many of the tests required of pharmaceutical companies are voluntary for supplement companies and most companies do not take the extra steps to test their products to ensure safety and purity.
I have created my own supplements brand, Rootcology, to provide safe and effective supplement solutions for people struggling with autoimmune thyroid conditions. These supplements are composed of high-quality premium ingredients which are gluten, dairy, soy, pesticide. and toxin-free and undergo rigorous testing to ensure that the ingredients on the label match the ingredients inside each bottle. You are welcome to email my team at info@rootcology.com if you have any questions or concerns. We also offer a 100% satisfaction guarantee, if for any reason, you are unsatisfied with a Rootcology product, it may be returned within 30 days of purchase for a full refund, minus shipping/handling fees. Here is a link to the website: https://www.rootcology.com/collections/supplements so you can check it out. I hope this helps!
I’m 64 years old and was dx’d w/Graves’ disease around age 40. After a few years of ptu (?) anti thyroxine tx, I was advised to have my thyroid gland ablated through radiation. I regret agreeing to this procedure had I known then what I know now. What does Graves disease become once you no longer have a functioning thyroid gland? Bottom line is that I’ve had an arrhythmia all of my life and now in my 60’s, it scares me more because it seems to last longer and sometimes makes me dizzy because my heart beats so fast. Unfortunately. It’s always normal when I go to the doctor. I tried magnesium citrate 500 mg had the worst intestinal pain, swelling and gas. I’m not sure if it was the brand (cheap) or how I was taking it. Do you recommend a specific dose? I’m willing to try your brand, but don’t want to have that experience again. For the record, I suffer from all the usual thyroid problems (poor sleep, anxiety, muscle pain/weakness, weight problems)
Victoria – thank you so much for reaching out. <3 I'm so sorry you are struggling with all of this. I can tell you that many supplements are ineffective, and some are even downright unsafe. The truth is that most supplement companies do not undergo the same scrutiny and testing that pharmaceutical products do. This is because many of the tests required of pharmaceutical companies are voluntary for supplement companies and most companies do not take the extra steps to test their products to ensure safety and purity. If you would like to try my Rootcology brand, we do offer a 100% satisfaction guarantee, if for any reason, you are unsatisfied with a Rootcology product, it may be returned within 30 days of purchase for a full refund, minus shipping/handling fees.
When it comes to Graves and Hashimoto's, they are both autoimmune conditions that affect the thyroid. They are thought to be closely related. Sometimes one turns into the other. The difference is the site of the antibody attack. In Hashimoto's, the antibodies are found to thyroglobulin (in 80%) and thyroid peroxidase (TPO) enzyme (in 95% of people) Hashimoto's results in hypothyroidism and is usually treated with Synthroid and replacement hormone.
The same antibodies may be present in a smaller percentage of people who have Graves, but the main antibody is to the TSH Receptor (TSHR-Ab). Usually, people with Graves have hyperthyroidism, and they are treated conventionally with thyroid suppressing drugs (methimazole) or radioactive iodine to destroy the thyroid. At that point, the thyroid will no longer produce hormones on its own, and these people end up on Synthroid as well.
Most thyroid conditions result from the immune system attacking the thyroid because the immune system is out of balance. Even when the thyroid is taken out surgically or treated with radioactive iodine the autoimmunity still persists in most cases. Many people will have their thyroids removed, and will develop new autoimmune disorders such as Lupus, Rheumatoid arthritis, etc. The immune system just finds a different target. I hope this helps! You may find these resources helpful as well.
Hashimoto’s Root Cause
http://amzn.to/2DoeC80
Hashimoto’s Protocol
http://amzn.to/2B5J1mq
Hashimoto’s Food Pharmacology
https://www.amazon.com/Hashimotos-Food-Pharmacology-Nutrition-Protocols/dp/0062571591?tag=thyroipharma-20
Firstly, thank you so much for all your resources! I recently received an Hashimoto’s diagnosis, I have your book and also see a functional medicine practitioner. I have been working diligently to repair my gut health with nutrient dense foods and modified AIP.
I’ve been struggling with constipation for years. My functional medicine practitioner suggested magnesium citrate and it helped at first. I am now on a total of 600mg per day (300 mid day, 300 at bedtime). After a few months, as I adjusted my diet to AIP, the constipation became worse than ever before. I now must take regular enemas, go for colonic treatments and also take senna tea in order to have a bowel movement. Psyllium makes it worse. I suspect sibo and candida.
Any suggestions?
Thank you!
Tina – thank you so much for reaching out and sharing your journey! I’m so sorry to hear you are struggling with constipation. We know that intestinal permeability (aka leaky gut) is present in every case of autoimmunity and often precedes the development of Hashimoto’s. Symptoms of leaky gut may include bloating, diarrhea, constipation, stomach aches, acid reflux and irritable bowel syndrome. According to the Institute of Functional Medicine, many people develop IBS 5-10 years before an autoimmune diagnosis. I was one of them and didn’t take my gut health as seriously as I should have. Gut problems are often caused by infections like H. pylori, parasites like Blasto, SIBO, an imbalance of bacteria, and enzyme deficiencies or food sensitivities (especially to gluten, dairy, and/or soy). Even stress can be a factor in gut permeability. Here is an article you might find interesting.
6 DIFFERENT ROOT CAUSES
https://thyroidpharmacist.com/articles/6-different-hashimotos-root-causes/
Hello, Thank you very much for the very informative article.
I like you to elaborate on one of the causes you listed above is “hypothyroidism” which can lead to Mg deficiency.
I saw a study claiming that Hyperthyroid decreases the serum Mg level and Hypothyroid increases the serum Mg level.
So I’m confused that how hypothyroid can lower Mg level.
Could you please kindly explain?
Thank you very much again!
Fumie – thank you for reaching out! <3 Most people with Hashimoto’s have numerous micronutrient deficiencies including a deficiency in Mg, which can occur as a result of eating nutrient-poor foods, having inflammation from infections or food sensitivities, taking certain medications, or having an imbalance of gut bacteria. Factors like low stomach acid, fat malabsorption, and a deficiency in digestive enzymes, that are common in those with Hashimoto’s, will result in many people not being able to break down and absorb the nutrients from the food they eat.
Furthermore, researchers found that physical and psychological stress, which many people with Hashimoto’s experience lead to the depletion of magnesium.
Plus, many people with Hashimoto’s may exclude a number of Mag rich foods if they are following a Paleo diet (or other type of elimination diet).
I use transdermal magnesium chloride for back pain and headaches. Do i have to wait 4 hours after taking my naturethroid to apply it?? I just realized that i always apply in the am and pm and sometimes several times during the day depending on my pain level. Does transdermal magnesium interfere with thyroid medication uptake???
Cheryl, thank you for reaching out. I recommend for your safety that you discuss this with your practitioner or pharmacist. <3
Dr Izabella,
HELP!! I am a 49 year old man that has Hypo and I am so confused.. I have been on a few different Thyroid Medicines for a few years, I have not really noticed a big difference after when I take my medicine. So my doctor has been adjusting the medicine. I was on NP Thyroid 120 mg then Levothyroxine 100 mg then Nature Throid 97.5 mg then 146 mg. I have been on 146.5 mg of Nature Thyroid for maybe 1 year, then when I got my new refill I started to feel tingles and numbness when I sleep in my hands and feet. Then I stopped my medicine for a few days and the tingles and numbness went away. Then I started to take just 1 pill of Nature Throid 97.5 mg for a few weeks and no tingles and numbness but started to feel aches and muscle soreness. I am a musician and I have trouble playing guitar, my hand gets real tired. Then I take 146mg thinking I need more medicine and the tingles/numbness comes back. But I did add magnesium 400 mg at night time.. What should I do to get my muscle strength back and to get rid of the tingles/numbness?
Steven – thank you for reaching out. <3 I'm so sorry you are struggling with this. It is never advisable to stop taking your medications, or alter your dosages, without the advice of your practitioner. T4 thyroid hormone medications have a half-life of about 1 week. This means that when a person stops taking them, the amount of the hormone activity in their body, from the medication, will decrease by about 1/2 each week. For T3 medications, this half-life is only about 1 day. Generally, within three weeks (or a few days for T3), most of the hormone will be out of the body. This could result in increased symptoms, an increase in the autoimmune attack on the thyroid, and extra stress on your body and the thyroid. Thyroid hormones affect every organ, tissue and cell in the body. Appropriate medication management will allow you to recover from the effects of hypothyroidism, giving you the energy, vitality and support to continue working on optimizing your health. Please do not change your medications without speaking to your doctor first. Here are some resources you might find helpful:
THYROID DISEASE IN MEN
https://thyroidpharmacist.com/articles/thyroid-disease-in-men/
WHICH THYROID MEDICATION IS BEST?
https://thyroidpharmacist.com/articles/which-thyroid-medication-is-best/
HOW DOES CARNITINE SUPPORT HASHIMOTO’S?
https://thyroidpharmacist.com/articles/carnitine-support-hashimotos
Dr. Izabella, thank you for this wonderful article. I have some questions:
1) I recently bought magnesium glycine. I take 500 mg. It seems to be a low dose.
Magnesium glycine also reduces TSH?
Or does only citrate have this effect?
2) “The preferred pharmacological form is pure magnesium citrate at a dose of 3 to 4 times 1.4 mmol per day in divided takes.”
(Moncayo R, Moncayo H. Proof of concept of the WOMED model of benign thyroid disease: Restitution of thyroid morphology after correction of physical and psychological stressors and magnesium supplementation. BBA Clin. 2015;3:113-122. doi:10.1016/j.bbacli.2014.12.005.)
1.4 mmol = 23.6 mg?
Is that correct?
It seems like a minimal dose.
It is not possible to find capsules with this dose on the market.
3) Does not mention details about coenzyme Q10.
Is Ubiquinone enough? Or better Ubiquinol?
Any dose suggestions?
Camilla – thank you for reaching out. <3 I have found up to 400 mg of magnesium citrate to be helpful for my clients. I do prefer Rootcology’s magenesium supplement, which contains 300 mg per serving. (That’s 4 grams.) You can find my recommendations in the article above. I do recommend that you discuss the addition of any supplement with your practitioner whose familiar with your health history.
Here is an article you might find helpful: https://thyroidpharmacist.com/articles/most-common-nutrient-deficiencies-hashimotos/
As for the CoenzymeQ10 you can find my recommendations in the article above and again please discuss this and with your practitioner for the dosage that would be right for you.
Here are the links to the supplements I recommend in the article as well:
MAGNESIUM CITRATE:
https://rootcology.com/collections/supplements/products/magnesium-citrate-powder
COENZYME Q10
https://www.purerxo.com/thyroidpharmacist/rxo/products/product_details.asp?ProductsID=960
Hi Dr. Wentz and thanks for the wealth of info you provide online! Your book is terrific too, but I so appreciate being able to search a subject here for quick reminders.
My question is about magnesium l-threonate. I don’t see it mentioned on your site but it was recommended by Dr. Datis Kharrazian as it crosses the blood brain barrier. I could sure use some help with my brain function! It’s quite expensive & I don’t want another supplement that ends up getting thrown away because I later find it’s harming me, not helping!
Do you conquer that this form is good or even preferable?
Currently I’m getting a fair amount of magnesium in the Trace Minerals Research brand drops that I take throughout the day, along with alkaline water from my local health food store, and food, but not sure it’s enough. Constipation & diarrhea go back & forth with me depending on various things.
I’ve always taken magnesium citrate for chronic constipation & muscle spasms, & lately magnesium oxide that I once read was preferable for some reason I forget now. It’s quite confusing.
Kelly – thank you for sharing! <3 There are about 20 different types of magnesium and the Magnesium glycinate and Magnesium citrate are the ones that I've seen people have the most success with. Here is an article you might find interesting.
NEW STUDIES ON MAGNESIUM AND THYROID HEALTH
https://thyroidpharmacist.com/articles/new-studies-on-magnesium-and-thyroid-health
I began magnesium citrate years ago because of this article. It has been a godsend. However, I have read you shouldn’t take it long term. I’ve had to though to keep my bms moving and soft. Am I messing up my body? What is your take on long term magnesium
citrate use?
Kristy – thank you for reaching out. Magnesium citrate can generally be used long term since it difficult to get adaquate magnesium from foods. It’s always best to discuss your supplements and concerns with your practitioner who’s familiar with your history. <3
Hi! Is it true that magnesium citrate is less laxative when is taken with food? (instead of taken on empty stomach)
Hi Dr. Wentz!
So grateful for your website – I use it often as one of my primary resource tools, as I continue on a 20-year quest (post-Cushing’s Disease (brain tumor and all!)) to heal myself of Hashimoto’s (diagnosed after the surgery, which is common.)
In regards to magnesium, which I feel may be a key component that is presently missing in my wellness arsenal, are there any cautions with it, as there are with selenium (ie: diabetes, cancer, etc.)?
I purchased a liquid form of ionic magnesium 400mg and just began to take it. So far, it seems to have relieved a few health complaints.
Can you please tell me what are the supplements that will have the greatest impact on hair regrowth, as well as eye health?
Thank you for your help – you are a blessing! 🙂
Em
Em – thank you for reaching out. ❤️ I’m so glad to hear you are finding my website helpful! There are about 20 different types of magnesium. Magnesium
glycinate and Magnesium citrate are the ones that I’ve seen people have the most success with. If you are doing well on the ionic magnesium that’s great! It’s best to discuss any supplements your practitioner who’s care you are under so that they can monitor you. Here are some articles you might find helpful as well:
NEW STUDIES ON MAGNESIUM AND THYROID HEALTH
https://thyroidpharmacist.com/articles/new-studies-on-magnesium-and-thyroid-health
HAIR LOSS AND YOUR THYROID
https://thyroidpharmacist.com/articles/hair-loss-and-thyroid/
Hi, I have a question. If magnesium is needed for iodine to be utilized, can taking iodine make someone magnesium deficiënt or make the magnesium deficiency worse?
I found this page and I would love to know why not to chelate before pregnancy as I was actually thinking about doing this.
Also, any interaction when taking magnesium with iodine supplements?
Very helpful article, thank you so much
Rhadha – thank you for reaching out. Chelation is a powerful detox method. It causes the metals to detach from your body and allows them to start moving freely around. However, if you can’t get rid of these metals thru the liver, they circulate and attach themselves to other body tissues, which could make you feel even worse. Here is an article with more info as well as my experience that I hope it’s helpful: https://thyroidpharmacist.com/articles/support-liver-recover-from-thyroid-disease/
Hello
Have you ever seen Magnesium lower TSH to the point of hyperthyroidism ( < 0.5)?
Thank you
Joanna
Jen – thank you for following. Lifestyle changes can result in improved thyroid function and/or an increased absorption of thyroid hormone medications, leading to a lower required dose and possible symptoms of hyperthyroidism. It’s important to work with your practitioner, who can closely monitor your dosage and your progress. Every six weeks is usually a good schedule for testing your thyroid hormones.